4th International Conference on Tropical and Infectious Diseases

  Pandemics are large-scale epidemics of infectious disease that can cause major economic, social, and political upheaval while also increasing morbidity and mortality across a huge geographic area. Evidence suggests that pandemics have become more likely over the last century as a result of increased global travel and integration, urbanisation, land use changes, and higher exploitation of the natural environment. Beyond the public health repercussions of regional or global outbreaks of emerging and endemic infectious diseases , there are sometimes broader socioeconomic consequences that are overlooked in risk and impact assessments. Such events can evoke economic shock waves far beyond the scope of traditional health industries and a pathogen's original geographical range, thanks to swift and broad worldwide travel and trade. While private sector organisations are impacted indirectly by these disease outbreaks, they are under-appreciated but important stakeholders who can provi...

  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a syndrome induced by infection with the coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) and is linked to epidemics in crowded settings. Despite its rapid global spread, nonpharmaceutical measures including as physical separation and prompt isolation of symptomatic patients have been reported to be successful in preventing transmission in both institutions and the general public. COVID-19 and influenza (flu) are both infectious respiratory infections caused by distinct viruses. COVID-19 is caused by infection with a coronavirus that was first identified in 2019, while flu is caused by infection with a virus that was first identified in 1918. Time spent with infected individuals appears to be a primary driver of COVID-19 transmission, according to reports describing risk factors for COVID-19 dissemination. More severe disease in the source patient was also recognised as a risk factor for disease diffusion in a resear...

  As a result of increased human mobility and climate-driven vector movement, several tropical diseases began to spread into temperate climates. Poverty, a lack of clean water, and a lack of medical treatment all influenced the impact of a wide variety of tropical diseases. Exploration of tropical rainforests by humans, deforestation, rising immigration, and greater international air travel and other tourism to tropical regions have resulted in an increase in the occurrence of such diseases in non-tropical countries. Asia currently has the highest number of NTDs, followed by the huge emerging market economies of India, Indonesia and China. Pathogens of various varieties can be found in developing countries; poverty and hunger exacerbate the severity of prevalent diseases; and pathogen transmission is facilitated by poor infrastructure (e.g., water supply, sewage system and hospital hygiene) Dengue fever, yellow fever, rotavirus, AIDS, Ebola and Lassa fever are examples of v...

  Tropical disease any disease that is native to or occurs primarily in tropical or subtropical areas of the world is referred to as a tropical disease. Malaria, cholera, Chagas disease, yellow fever and dengue fever are examples of tropical diseases. Tropical diseases thrive in the tropics hot and humid climate. Viruses, bacteria and parasites cause them and they spread by airborne transmission, sexual contact and contaminated food and water sources. Tropical diseases thrive in the tropics hot and humid climate. Viruses, bacteria and parasites cause them and they spread by airborne transmission, sexual contact and contaminated food and water sources. Through bug bites, insects or other animals can spread tropical illnesses. Dengue fever , yellow fever, rotavirus, AIDS, Ebola and Lassa fever are examples of viral tropical infections. Cholera, E. coli, TB and Hansen's disease are examples of bacterial tropical illnesses (leprosy). Trop...